文化距离对北京入境游客时空行为的影响研究

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2018.04.019

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Abstract Based on the concept of big data, the 52896 geo-tagged photos data from Beijing international visitors on Flickr website were collected and selected, which involved 26 countries or regions' users, to estimate visitor densities and distribution patterns in temporal and spatial dimension. Regression analysis showed that the time-space behavior of Beijing's international visitors are greatly influenced by the cultural distance, there are significant differences in arrival time of visitors, the number of tourists visited attractions, and the preferences of 21 attractions. Firstly, with the cultural distance increases, short-haul international visitors' stay days will increase. Secondly, the greater the cultural distance of visitors, the more preference for Chinese distinctive culture and the historic attractions of Beijing attractions such as the Lama Temple, Qianmen Street, Drum Tower Street, Panjiayuan market; the greater the cultural distance of independent visitors, the more preference for taking high-speed rail as travel tool. Thirdly, visitors with large cultural distance are less likely to travel at night. Fourthly, the visitors with small cultural distance will choose to visit Beijing in January, while the visitors with large cultural distance, such as Holland, Sweden, etc. will choice April and October to Beijing; At last, the combination of cultural distance and geographic distance can provide more accurate international visitors" needs in terms of time and space.

Key words： cultural distance cultural differences international visitors spatio-temporal behavior

Received: 12 September 2017

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http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/EN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2018.04.019 OR http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/EN/Y2018/V33/I4/137

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[32]	Lepp A, Gibson H. Tourist roles, perceived risk and international tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2003,30(3):606-624.
[22]	Hampden-Turner C, Trompenaars A. The Seven Cultures of Capitalism:Value Systems for Creating Wealth in the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Britain, Sweden, and the Netherlands[M]. London:Piatkus, 1993.
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[33]	Kastenholz E. ‘Cultural proximity’ as a determinant of destination image[J]. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2010,16(4):313-322.
[33]	Kastenholz E. ‘Cultural proximity’ as a determinant of destination image[J]. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2010,16(4):313-322.
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[35]	Kádár B. Measuring tourist activities in cities using geotagged photography[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2014,16(1):88-104.
[34]	Dejbakhsh S, Arrowsmith C, Jackson M. Cultural influence on spatial behaviour[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2011,13(1):91-111.
[34]	Dejbakhsh S, Arrowsmith C, Jackson M. Cultural influence on spatial behaviour[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2011,13(1):91-111.
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[25]	Kim C, Lee S. Understanding the cultural differences in tourist motivation between Anglo-American and Japanese tourists[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2000,9(1-2):153-170.
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[26]	Lew A, Mckercher B. Modeling tourist movements:A local destination analysis[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2006,33(2):403-423.
[38]	McKercher B. The implicit effect of distance on tourist behavior:A comparison of short and long haul pleasure tourists to Hong Kong[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2008,25(3/4):367-381.
[37]	彭雷霆.近代中国人的日本认识:1871-1915[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013:34.[Peng Leiting. Modern Chinese People's Understanding of Japan:1871-1915[M]. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press, 2013:34.]
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[27]	Manrai L A, Manrai A K. Hofstede's cultural Dimensions and tourist behaviors:A review and conceptual Framework[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing, 2011,16(31):23-47.
[39]	Cohen E. Toward a sociology of international tourism[J]. Social Research, 1972,39(1):164-182.
[38]	McKercher B. The implicit effect of distance on tourist behavior:A comparison of short and long haul pleasure tourists to Hong Kong[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2008,25(3/4):367-381.
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[28]	Lew A. A framework of tourist attraction research[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1987,14(4):553-575.
[39]	Cohen E. Toward a sociology of international tourism[J]. Social Research, 1972,39(1):164-182.
[39]	Cohen E. Toward a sociology of international tourism[J]. Social Research, 1972,39(1):164-182.
[29]	Flognfeldt Jr T. Traveler geographic origin and market segmentation:The multi trips destination case[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 1999,8(1):111-124.
[30]	Reisinger Y, Turner L W. Cross-cultural Behaviour in Tourism:Concepts and Analysis[M]. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann, 2003:35.
[31]	Ng S I, Lee J A, Soutar G N. Tourists' intention to visit a country:The impact of cultural distance[J]. Tourism Management, 2007,28(6):1497-1506.
[32]	Lepp A, Gibson H. Tourist roles, perceived risk and international tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2003,30(3):606-624.
[33]	Kastenholz E. ‘Cultural proximity’ as a determinant of destination image[J]. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2010,16(4):313-322.
[34]	Dejbakhsh S, Arrowsmith C, Jackson M. Cultural influence on spatial behaviour[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2011,13(1):91-111.
[35]	Kádár B. Measuring tourist activities in cities using geotagged photography[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2014,16(1):88-104.
[36]	霍夫斯坦德,许力生.文化之重:价值、行为、体制和组织的跨国比较[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2008:500-501.[Hofstede G, Xu Lisheng. Cultures Consequences:Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2008:500-501.]
[37]	彭雷霆.近代中国人的日本认识:1871-1915[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013:34.[Peng Leiting. Modern Chinese People's Understanding of Japan:1871-1915[M]. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press, 2013:34.]
[38]	McKercher B. The implicit effect of distance on tourist behavior:A comparison of short and long haul pleasure tourists to Hong Kong[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2008,25(3/4):367-381.
[39]	Cohen E. Toward a sociology of international tourism[J]. Social Research, 1972,39(1):164-182.